Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium
Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium is a multi purpose in Kochi, India. Its recorded capacity is 80,000.
Key facts
Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium is a multi purpose in Kochi, India. Its recorded capacity is 80,000. It is owned by Greater Cochin Development Authority. It is operated by Greater Cochin Development Authority. The venue does not currently carry a sponsor name. Current tenants are Kerala Blasters FC, FC Kochin, Chirag United Club Kerala, Kochi Tuskers Kerala, Active, Viva Kerala FC, Forca Kochi FC, Previous, Kerala football team.
- Location
- Kochi, India
- Type
- Multi purpose
- Capacity
- 80,000
- Opened
- Not recorded
- Status
- Active
- Current owner
- Greater Cochin Development Authority
- Naming rights
- No current sponsor name
- Name changes
- 0
- Playing surface
- Natural grass
Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium is at latitude 9.997222, longitude 76.301111, in Kochi, India. The marker is drawn from the recorded coordinates. The building outline appears here once OpenStreetMap footprint geometry is available for this venue.
Data table for this chart
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Latitude | 9.997222 |
| Longitude | 76.301111 |
| City | Kochi |
| Region | Kochi |
| Country | India |
| OpenStreetMap object | Not recorded |
| Footprint geometry | Not yet exported by the pipeline |
Technology
| Feature | Recorded as | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surface | Natural grass | Wikipedia infobox | Source |
See the venue technology guides for how these work.
Naming rights
No naming history is recorded for this venue.
Ownership and operation
| Role | Organization | Period | Status | Confidence | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Owner | Greater Cochin Development Authority | Present | Current | Wikipedia infobox | Source |
| Operator | Greater Cochin Development Authority | Present | Current | Wikipedia infobox | Source |
Tenants
| Tenant | Competitions | Period | Status | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kerala Blasters FC | Indian Super League | Present | Current | Source |
| FC Kochin | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Chirag United Club Kerala | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Kochi Tuskers Kerala | Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Active | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Viva Kerala FC | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Forca Kochi FC | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Previous | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
| Kerala football team | Indian Super League, Indian Premier League | Present | Current | Source |
Recorded changes
166 changes to this venue have been recorded by the monthly pipeline runs.
| Date | Table | Field | From | To | Month |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 October 2026 | venue_features | (created) | not set | 1240 | 2026-10 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 29 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_competitions | (created) | not set | 981 | 2026-09 |
| 28 September 2026 | venue_competitions | (created) | not set | 862 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | (deleted) | 18953 | not set | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | (deleted) | 18949 | not set | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | org_aliases | (deleted) | Kerala Strikers | not set | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | org_aliases | (deleted) | Kerala State Cricket Team | not set | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | (deleted) | 33428 | not set | 2026-09 |
| 24 September 2026 | venue_roles | (deleted) | 33427 | not set | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 33428 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 33427 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 33426 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | org_aliases | (created) | not set | 1879 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | org_aliases | (created) | not set | 1878 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | org_aliases | (created) | not set | 1877 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | org_aliases | (created) | not set | 1876 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikipedia_infobox | wikidata | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 3 | 1 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venues | capacity | 60000 | 80000 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venues | wikipedia_revid | not set | 1374223930 | 2026-09 |
| 23 September 2026 | venues | wikipedia_title | Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium (Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18953 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18952 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18951 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18950 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18949 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18948 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 18947 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | confidence | wikidata | wikipedia_infobox | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_url | https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1684271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Stadium_(Kochi) | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | source_id | 1 | 3 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 6843 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 6842 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 6841 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 6840 | 2026-09 |
| 20 September 2026 | venue_roles | (created) | not set | 6839 | 2026-09 |
Sources and licenses
Every ownership, naming and sponsorship row on this page carries the URL it was derived from. The site as a whole is built from these sources:
- Wikidata: CC0 1.0. Data from Wikidata, released under CC0 1.0 Universal.
- OpenStreetMap: ODbL 1.0. © OpenStreetMap contributors, available under the Open Database License (ODbL 1.0). See https://www.openstreetmap.org/copyright.
- Wikipedia: CC BY-SA 4.0. Text from Wikipedia, available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License.
Row-level sources used for this venue: